Ekstrak Etanol Kunyit, Jahe, dan Sereh sebagai Tabir Surya Alami: Studi Perbandingan Nilai SPF Menggunakan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis

Dwi Larasati, Nanda Tsalasani Zulfaidah, Dianita Febrina Leswara, Putri Amelia Wulandari, Elina Tasha Maharani Nurcahyo

Abstract


Paparan sinar ultraviolet (UV) dapat menimbulkan berbagai kerusakan kulit, seperti penuaan dini, hiperpigmentasi, dan peningkatan risiko kanker kulit. Upaya pencegahan semakin berkembang melalui pemanfaatan bahan alam yang memiliki kemampuan menyerap sinar UV. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan nilai Sun Protection Factor (SPF) dari ekstrak etanol kunyit (Curcuma longa L.), jahe (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), dan sereh (Cymbopogon citratus DC.) sebagai kandidat bahan aktif tabir surya alami. Ekstraksi dilakukan secara maserasi menggunakan etanol, kemudian larutan diuji menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada konsentrasi 100–300 ppm. Nilai SPF dihitung menggunakan persamaan Mansur dan dianalisis secara deskriptif serta uji Kruskal–Wallis untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar kelompok. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa nilai SPF meningkat seiring kenaikan konsentrasi, dengan ekstrak kunyit memiliki nilai tertinggi (7,649–22,554), diikuti sereh (3,934–11,833) dan jahe (2,369–6,512). Variasi nilai SPF dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan kandungan senyawa aktif, seperti kurkumin pada kunyit, citral pada sereh, dan gingerol pada jahe. Secara keseluruhan, ketiga ekstrak berpotensi menjadi agen tabir surya alami, dengan kunyit sebagai kandidat utama karena memberikan perlindungan UV paling efektif.


Keywords


SPF, turmeric, ginger, lemongrass, sunscreen

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33666/jitk.v17i1.722

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 Published by : Widya Husada Semarang University | ISSN : 2086-8510 (Print) | ISSN : 2655-5875 (Online)
  

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