Nyeri Otot Ekstensor Jari Tangan Pada Pekerja Kantor: Perbandingan Mendalam Dengan Lateral Epicondylitis
Abstract
Perkembangan teknologi digital meningkatkan penggunaan gadget dalam kehidupan sehari-hari maupun lingkungan kerja. Aktivitas mengetik, scrolling, dan tapping yang berulang dapat menimbulkan keluhan muskuloskeletal, khususnya pada otot-otot ekstensor jari. Kondisi ini sering menyerupai lateral epicondylitis (LE) atau tennis elbow, sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan kesalahan diagnosis. Artikel ini bertujuan membandingkan karakteristik klinis, mekanisme patofisiologi, pemeriksaan fisik, serta strategi fisioterapi antara nyeri otot ekstensor akibat penggunaan gadget dan tennis elbow. Penulisan dilakukan dalam bentuk tinjauan pustaka naratif berdasarkan literatur terkini mengenai ergonomi, gangguan muskuloskeletal akibat penggunaan gadget, dan lateral epicondylitis. Analisis komparatif digunakan untuk menguraikan kesamaan dan perbedaan kedua kondisi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Nyeri ekstensor akibat gadget terutama melibatkan extensor digitorum, extensor indicis, dan extensor digiti minimi, dengan gejala berupa nyeri difus, rasa pegal, serta nyeri tekan pada muscle belly. Sebaliknya, tennis elbow lebih spesifik melibatkan extensor carpi radialis brevis, ditandai dengan nyeri fokal pada epikondilus lateral dan hasil positif pada tes Cozen’s, Mill’s, serta Maudsley’s. Fisioterapi berperan sentral dalam manajemen keduanya, dengan fokus pada edukasi, modifikasi aktivitas, terapi manual, elektroterapi, latihan terapeutik, serta pencegahan kekambuhan. Meskipun memiliki kesamaan anatomi dan gejala awal, nyeri ekstensor akibat gadget berbeda dengan tennis elbow dalam hal patofisiologi, tanda klinis, dan strategi penatalaksanaan. Identifikasi dini serta intervensi fisioterapi yang tepat dapat mencegah progresi dari keluhan ringan menjadi tendinopati kronis, sekaligus meningkatkan kualitas hidup pekerja di era digital.References
Callegari, B., de Resende, M. M., & da Silva Filho, M. (2018). Hand rest and wrist support are effective in preventing fatigue during prolonged typing. Journal of Hand Therapy, 31(1), 42–51.
Carlos, J. S., Goubran, E., & Ayad, S. (2011). The presence of extensor digiti medii muscle—anatomical variant. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, 10(2), 100–104.
Dhengre, N., Rajput, N. S., Patel, V., & Katarne, R. (2024). A Perspective of the Computer Mouse’s Impact on the Musculoskeletal System.
Dines, J. S., Bedi, A., Williams, P. N., Dodson, C. C., Ellenbecker, T. S., Altchek, D. W., Windler, G., & Dines, D. M. (2015). Tennis injuries: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment. JAAOS-Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 23(3), 181–189.
Gangopadhyay, S., Chakrabarty, S., Sarkar, K., Dev, S., Das, T., & Banerjee, S. (2015). An ergonomics study on the evaluation of carpal tunnel syndrome among Chikan embroidery workers of West Bengal, India. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, 21(3), 199–206. https://doi.org/10.1179/2049396714Y.0000000065
Hatem, N., Mahmoud, R., Elmounedi, N., & Mahmoud, A. (2025). Prevalence of Wrist Tendinitis Among Computer Users, Office Workers, and Manual Laborers in Egypt. Jurnal Kedokteran (Unram Medical Journal), 14(2), 79–83.
Herliyana, F. (2021). Penatalaksanaan Fisioterapi pada Kasus Tennis Elbow Dextra dengan Modalitas Ultrasound dan Hold Relax di RS Pindad kota Bandung. Excellent Midwifery Journal, 4(2), 37–43.
Hombach-Klonisch, S., Klonisch, T., & Peeler, J. (2019). Sobotta Clinical Atlas of Human Anatomy. Urban & Fischer. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=t9CDDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=sobotta+human+anatomy+21&ots=vtpnKJuuDS&sig=8wluijrzIPoALcV_V8k5m79NRRk&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=sobotta human anatomy 21&f=false
Kim, J. H., Aulck, L., Bartha, M. C., Harper, C. A., & Johnson, P. W. (2014). Differences in typing forces, muscle activity, comfort, and typing performance among virtual, notebook, and desktop keyboards. Applied Ergonomics, 45(6), 1406–1413.
Kim, S. Y., & Koo, S. J. (2016). Effect of duration of smartphone use on muscle fatigue and pain caused by forward head posture in adults. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 28(6), 1669–1672. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.1669
Murtafiah, M., Zahra, N. A., Susilo, T. E., & Pristianto, A. (2022). Manajemen Fisioterapi pada Gangguan Fungsional Tangan Penyintas Tennis elbow Tipe 2: Case Report. Physio Journal, 2(1), 5–10.
Park, J. H., Kang, S. Y., Lee, S. G., & Jeon, H. S. (2017). The effects of smart phone gaming duration on muscle activation and spinal posture: Pilot study. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 33(8), 661–669. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593985.2017.1328716
Parwata, I. G. C. A. P., & Widanti, H. N. (2022). Penatalaksanaan Penatalaksanaan Fisioterapi Pada Kasus Tennis Elbow: Penatalaksanaan Fisioterapi Pada Kasus Tennis Elbow. Kinesiology and Physiotherapy Comprehensive, 1(2), 22–25.
Pitner, M. A. (1990). Pathophysiology of overuse injuries in the hand and wrist. Hand Clinics, 6(3), 355–364.
Sari, A. I., Suryani, N., Rochsantiningsih, D., & Suharno, S. (2020). Digital learning, smartphone usage, and digital culture in indonesia education. Integration of Education, 24(1), 20–31. https://doi.org/10.15507/1991-9468.098.024.202001.020-031
Copyright (c) 2025 Irawan Wibisono
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
