Asuhan Keperawatan pada Lansia Risiko Jatuh melalui Penerapan Program Latihan Keseimbangan
Abstract
Lansia erat kaitannya dengan proses menua yang berpengaruh pada penurunan fungsi sistem tubuh salah satunya terjadi pada sistem muskuloskeletal. Kondisi ini dapat bersiko pada kejadian jatuh sehingga mempengaruhi kualitas hidup lansia. Penulisan karya ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan hasil asuhan keperawatan pada lanjut usia dengan masalah risiko jatuh dengan penerapan program latihan keseimbangan. Latihan ini di dilakukan 4 kali dalam seminggu dengan dasi 16 menit dan di evaluasi dengan menggunakan instrumen Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Time Up and Go (TUG) dan One Leg Standing Time (OLST). Hasil evaluasi akhir dari penerapan intervensi terlihat adanya perubahan yang signifikan. Pemeriksaan BBS meningkat dari skor 39 menjadi 45, pemeriksaan TUG mengalami percepatan dari 18.64 menjadi 14.60 detik. Sementara evaluasi dengan OLST didapatkan adanya peningkatan kemampuan klien untuk mengangkat salah satu kaki dengan mata terbuka dari 1.06 menjadi 4.32 detik dan dengan mata tertutup dari hasil 0.56 menjadi 4.21 detik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan program keseimbangan ini dapat meningkatkan rasa percaya diri, stabilitas dan keseimbangan yang dapat mencegah kejadian jatuh pada lanjut usia.
Kata kunci: lansia, sistem muskuloskeletal, risiko jatuh, program latihan keseimbangan
NURSING CARE FOR THE ELDERLY WITH THE RISK OF FALLING USING BALANCE EXERCISE PROGRAM
ABSTRACT
Elderly people are closely relzted to aging processes which can affect the decline in bodily system functions. This condition can be risk of a fall that will affect the elderly quality of life. This scientific paper aims to describe the results of nursing care for the elderly with the risk of falling using balance exercise program. This exercise was conduct 4 times a weeks with 16 minutes in every session was evaluated using Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Time Up and Go (TUG) instruments and One Leg Standing Time (OLST). The results of the final evaluation after implementation showed a significant change. BBS examination increased from a score of 39 to 45, the TUG examination. accelerated from 18.64 to 14.60 seconds. While evaluation with OLST found an increase in the client's ability to lift one leg with eyes open from 1.06 to 4.32 seconds and with eyes closed from the results of 0.56 to 4.21 seconds. The conclution from this balance training program can increase self-confidence, stability and balance that can decrease risk of falls in the elderly.
Keywords: elderly, musculoskeletal system, risk of falls, balance training program
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33666/jners.v6i3.351
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